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Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan is independent, neutral republic, founded in October of 1991 year after collapse of USSR.
Turkmenistan shares borders with Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan and Caspian Sea. It covers 1100km from east to west and 650 km from north to south and an entire area of 488,1 thousand square km.
It has 4,5 million inhabitants.
The capital of Turkmenistan is Ashgabad city (550 thousand inhabitants). Administratively consist of 5 regions. 78% of population is Turkmen. Main religion is Moslem. State language is Turkmen. Majority of population in cities knows Russian too.
Kara Kum Desert - one of greatest deserts of the world covers 80 % of state territory. Highest point of Turkmenistan is 2942m is located in Kopetdag Mountains.
Turkmenistan is the country that has richest history. It is the Motherland of the ancient civilizations of Margiana, Parthian state, Midia. Remains of ancient Nissa, Merv, Margush, Annau etc., are give evidence of former prosperity and power of these states. The Great Silk Road went through here.
 The climate of Turkmenistan is sharply continental. Turkmenistan is called as a country of eternal sunshine. Winter is short and not so cold. The average temperature in January is -10 +3oC. Summer is hot and dry. The average temperature in July is +35 +45oC. Precipitation is law: 250 mm per year.
Turkmenistan is the fourth in the world largest producer of natural gas. The country also has substantial capacity in petroleum extraction, processing and export. The Chemical industry produces mineral fertilizers and plastic products. In the agricultural sector, Turkmenistan is one of the major producers of good quality
cotton.
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